Features type
It belongs to the genus Nephrolepis fern family Lomariopsisovye or Davallievye. His homeland is considered the tropical regions of Africa, America, Australia, but it is widespread in almost all over the world.
In total there are more than 30 species of fern. In the wild, Nephrolepis can grow under trees or attached to the thick branches and trunks. Short vertical root forms an outlet Extended to 70 cm, pinnate leaves. But leaves formed elongated stalks-whips with numerous small scale-like leaves. They can take root and produce new plants.
Types fern Nephrolepis
Nephrolepis has many varieties, but at home you can grow Nephrolepis elevated, Nephrolepis serdtselistny.
elevated Nephrolepis –is a kind of the most common plants to grow at home. From rhizomes socket develops large pinnate light green leaves, which length is 70 cm.
Nephrolepis serdtselistnyis gaining more popularity among amateur gardeners. Its shoots are directed straight up, almost vertically, the leaves are very dense and overlap.
Underground seal, as tubers, silver coated flake or white.
Fern Nephrolepis: care at home
Due to its appearance ferns it fits perfectly in different styles of interiors. Their varieties are equally demanding on the growing, and with good care live about 10 years.
Location & lighting
The plant is doing well in the darkened place, so keep it out of the sun can not. The best place for him on the eastern and western window sills, where there is a small shadow, as the sun’s rays scattered. They can be located and a short distance away from windows.
The content of the fern in the warmer months, at room temperature, 20-24 degrees – optimal, above 24 ° C, at high dry air in the room will be detrimental to plants.
In winter, the period of rest fern placed in a cool place, the temperature is approximately 15 degrees away from the radiators. If these conditions can not leave it at the usual place, continuing care, as before, using the spraying and watering.
How to water?
When leaving home, be aware that ferns moisture-loving culture, but the earthen room should be kept moist. moisture deficit in the soil and in the air will cause yellowing and drying of leaves. Even a short drying earthen coma may lead to the destruction of the flower.
Additional information!Watering depends on air in the room in which the flower grows. The higher the temperature, the more and more abundant soil moisture should be.
Hydration should be carried out as the drying of the upper layer of soil in the pot. During the period of dormancy culture does not need frequent watering and plenty of water.
In addition to the lighting, to the development of Nephrolepis significantly affect humidity levels. In nature, ferns grow in this climate, where high levels of humidity. He preferred to be in a high humidity cabinet. To create conditions for the vital process of the approximate to the natural, the ground part of the plant is necessary to constantly moisturize. Floral bushes defended constantly sprayed with water at room temperature. In the hot season plant was sprayed several times a day. Once a month it is possible to arrange a shower.
Top dressing
This type of fern requires regular and frequent feeding. He has special power requirements. Universal fertilizer can not fully provide all the necessary materials and the plants will be oppressed. From April to August, every two weeks, fed a special fertilizer for paporotnikov.Takie fertilizer is in the free market.
Transplant a flower at home
If growing Nephrolepis is no problem, it will not need to repot every year. When the roots fill the entire pot, it rolled over into a larger container.
For ferns selected shallow pots, into which is poured a large drainage layer of expanded clay or gravel to provide breathability soil and waste the excess water. If you do not, it can happen waterlogging and soil acidification, resulting in death of the plant.
Important!You can not bury the growth point, the plant may die!
If the pot that grows Nephrolepis, it became too small, it must be transplanted into a larger pot flower. It must be broad and shallow. This is due to the fact that the root system of ferns surface. Plant to plant is best in soil mix of peat and pine land.
Ferns relic plants, they do not bloom. Old withered lower leaves are cut, leaving a small bar.
Reproduction Nephrolepis
A remarkable feature of ferns – their methods of reproduction: by dividing the bush for the transplant, underground tubercles, bezlistymi mustache and spores.
First – spores, which are located on the leaves. Other vegetative, tubers or by means of shoots that are formed on the roots. This way you can get a lot of new plant for one year.
The vegetative way of reproduction
When transplanting large shrub can be divided. Rhizome share only after it on the sides there are young leaves. It is these parts of the root is transplanted into a new pot.
Reproduction bezlistymi mustache
Whiskers are rooted in their own pot or in the nearby. Then all will be only to transplant the seedling.
Spores are propagated only species of ferns, as varietal or sterile, or will not inherit the varietal characteristics.
Pests, diseases
Nephrolepis are rarely damaged by pests. Incorrect care it can affect various diseases or pests. If the flower is not enough moisture in the air, then it may appear spider mite. Occasionally there is the occurrence of scale insects. The emergence of mealybug is characterized by the deterioration of the state leaves -nablyudayutsya external damage. If they were a plant treated with insecticide.
The problems in growing
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- If plants begin to dry leaves, the reason for this may be insufficient or rare watering.
- to dry the tips of the leaves with a very low humidity levels in the room.
- If the leaves turn brown, curl up, and then fall off it indicates the presence of drafts, low temperature or pouring cold or hard water.
- The reason for the leaves dry spots are burns from direct sunlight.
- If there are dark spots, it is exposed to excessive sun.
- The appearance of rot, indicates that there is stagnation in the pot of water.
- If Nephrolepis began to dry up, the reason may be in the mode of irrigation (watering is not enough plant) or light (the plant is not enough light).
- If a fern for a long time not been an increase in growth, this may be due to lack of space in the pot.
- The plant can become pale with a shortage of light and nutrients, as well as in too close a pot.
- From excess of light leaves become pale and listless.
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With proper care, not only will appreciate Nephrolepis beautiful appearance, but also clean the air of harmful substances and germs.
