Содержание
Rose park: description
What is a park rose? Park roses are a domesticated wild rose with large buds and lush blooms. The plant first gained its popularity in England, and then throughout the world.
Note! A distinctive feature of English roses is its excellent winter hardiness, so it is grown even in hard-to-reach places with harsh winters.
These are not very tall, but rather sprawling bushes with single or multi-flowered inflorescences. The usual height of park rose bushes is one and a half meters. They bloom throughout the warm season. In appearance, park roses resemble wild roses, but they are distinguished by excellent decorative properties. Flowers can consist of one hundred and fifty petals.
Currently, there are a large number of varieties. Modern hybrids look great. They differ from each other in size, color of petals, duration of flowering.
Varieties differ in the color of the buds and their size
They come with white, cream, peach, red and lilac flowers, double, semi-double, ordinary, single and collected in small inflorescences. Most varieties are single-flowered roses. Foliage is rich dark green. The fruits of these plants are large and bright.
The park rose begins to bloom in late spring or early summer, two weeks earlier than other roses. Flowers emit a pleasant aroma. Flowering is abundant, continuous or repeated. There are roses that bloom once, and those that bloom several times a season.
Advantages of park roses:
- long flowering;
- frost resistance;
- a wide range of varieties;
- disease resistance.
The plant is unpretentious and resistant to frost. Most varieties of park roses do not even need to be covered for the winter, but in order not to lose the plant, it is better to cover young seedlings for the winter.
Caring for park roses
Park roses are resistant and easy to care for plants. To grow healthy and long-flowering plants, they need to be looked after.
Where to plant roses?
It is necessary to choose the right place for it. For plants, a sunny area with good ventilation, but not too open, is more suitable.
Roses in the park
In the shade, the flowers will be smaller and paler, but these roses can come to terms with partial shade. Gardens and parks are better suited for this, you can decorate walls and fences. They can be planted in groups and singly at a distance of 150 cm from each other. When planting a hedge of roses, the distance between adjacent plantings is reduced to fifty centimeters, and between rows to seventy. Park varieties will grow well in soil:
- which contains many nutrients;
- light and drained;
- soil acidity is close to neutral (pH 6-7).
All species love light, grow well on moderately moist soils, but do not like waterlogging.
When to plant roses? Roses can be planted all year round. With bare roots, they are planted only in the cold season, i.e. late autumn or early spring. From mid-spring to summer, ready-made seedlings in pots are preferred.
Additional Information! If the bushes of park roses are planted in the fall, a few weeks before the first frost, they will have time to take root and grow stronger. Rooted in the fall, they will be able to fully develop with the advent of heat, and will be much more viable than roses planted in the spring.
How are roses planted?
If the seedlings have an open root system, then before planting they should be immersed in water for several hours. Gently shorten the roots with secateurs, being careful not to damage the white filamentous processes. The aerial part is left about 1/3 of the length.
Planting roses
Holes for roses are made of such a size that the roots are well decomposed, and the root collar is buried eight centimeters into the ground. If the seedling is planted with a clod of earth, the hole should be wider and deeper by about ten centimeters.
The young bush is carefully covered with soil at the right level. After compaction of the soil, the plant is well watered.
While the bushes are still very small, they need special care. The root system and shoots are formed within three years. All this time, you need to loosen the ground, water it thoroughly, apply top dressing, and if necessary, trim.
Watering
The right watering system is the key to successful plant care. Water is especially important in spring and summer when plants are actively growing and flowering. In the morning or evening, water directly under the root, without falling on the leaves. Completely watering should be stopped at the end of summer in order not to lead to a fairly abundant growth of young shoots.
Completely watering should be stopped at the end of summer, so as not to lead to a fairly abundant growth of young shoots.
Note! If the rose does not have enough water, the shoots stop growing, the flowers become smaller, the leaves dry and fall off. The right watering system is the key to successful plant care. In the morning or evening, water directly under the root, without falling on the leaves.
In dry weather, they are watered every three days. The watering rate for an adult bush is a bucket of water at a time. After a day, you can begin to loosen the soil. This will improve his breathing. The procedure is carried out carefully, avoiding damage to the roots and removing weeds.
Mulching of the near-stem circle is carried out with the help of organic substances about five centimeters thick. This will help keep the soil moist longer, prevent overheating of the roots in the heat, and reduce the number of weeds. Humus, peat, bark, chopped straw, compost. All this can serve as mulch, and over time provide the rose with additional nutrition.
top dressing
In the spring, at the beginning of the season, park roses are fed with nitrogen fertilizers containing trace elements: magnesium, boron, iron. After abundant watering, the bushes are fertilized with liquid fertilizers. The first top dressing is carried out twelve months after planting.
The second enrichment of the soil will be required in August or September, excluding nitrogen, increasing the content of potassium. In October, you can put rotted compost as mulch. Plants will get off to a good start next year.
pruning
Properly pruned rose bushes produce more flowers, have stronger growth and are more resistant to disease.
The essence of anti-aging pruning is to return the overgrown bushes to their former decorative appearance. Remove old three-year-old stems to the very base, small shoots and branches that have not bloomed for a long time.
Flowers can grow on woody branches, but to achieve a luxurious bloom, care must be taken to have a sufficient number of young branches. Formative pruning should be done every year, and rejuvenating pruning every three years.
For a successful wintering without shelter, the bushes need careful care. It is important to follow simple rules:
- roses are best grown in a well-lit area, protected from the winds;
- the soil must be well drained;
- groundwater should not be located close to the surface.
Breeders are breeding new varieties of roses that can survive at -40°C.
Cultivation of park roses
Growing your favorite variety in the garden in the right amount is easy. There are several breeding methods: At the beginning of the growing season, the stem is bent to the ground and, fixing it there, is added dropwise. Young plants appear from the buds, which are separated the next year and planted in a flower bed.
In the spring, annual shoots are separated from the mother bush, the stems are shortened by a third and transplanted.
Division . Overgrown young bushes are cut into sections with secateurs. This procedure can be carried out in spring or early autumn.
Cuttings are the most time-consuming method, but it allows you to get a lot of planting material at once. Cuttings are taken both green (in spring) and lignified (in autumn). All shoots are planted for rooting only in the spring.
Pests and diseases
Most varieties of park roses are immune to diseases and pests. Although they have good health (especially modern varieties), some plant species can be affected by powdery mildew in wet years. A white coating appears on the leaves, which is easily removed with a finger.
Powdery mildew
Without treatment, the plant dies. Spores quickly spread throughout the plant and the disease attacks nearby bushes. This is dangerous for roses, and can lead to their death. You can help them by spraying with preparations containing copper.
Rust. In the spring, spores of the fungus appear on the shoots and leaves. To stop the development of the disease, the bush is treated with Bordeaux liquid, a decoction of nettle or wormwood.
Black spotting. The leaf plate is covered with dark brown spots with a yellow border. If a disease is detected, the affected areas are removed and the bush is sprayed with foundationazole or coniferous decoction.
Of the pests, a rose can be attacked by a leafworm, a garden beetle. They will not be able to harm the plant so much that it dies, but when there are a lot of them, they spoil the decorative effect of the bush and suppress it.
The larvae feed on roots and buds, while adults gnaw everything: buds, leaves, flowers. Therefore, beetles must be collected and destroyed. And the plants are sprayed with Actellik, Vermitek or Fitoverm.
Aphids suck out the juice, significantly weakening the plant. You can get rid of it with insecticides or folk remedies.
Park roses: varieties
This type of roses is conditionally divided into two categories: Canadian and English. Groups include many varieties with different external and technical characteristics.
David Austin is considered the most outstanding and best breeder in the history of park roses. It was he who received most of the hybrid forms, including English ones. The following varieties are popular: Remy Martin, Martin Frobisher, F. I. Grootendorst, Frulingsduft, Meigold, Parsley, Verstland, Chinatown, Louis Odier. All of them are remontant type, resistant to low temperatures and diseases.
Canadian park roses
The most unpretentious varieties were developed by Canadian scientists specifically for the harsh Canadian climate. They are easy to care for: there is no need for pruning, the plant perfectly tolerates both incredible heat and very severe frosts.
The brightest representative of Canadian roses is John Davis. Easily endures harsh winters, is resistant to disease and can reach a height of 2.5 meters.
Variety John Davis
Pink, buds are collected in inflorescences, the number of which reaches 15 pcs. Flower diameter – 7-10 cm. Blooms until frost. Canadian roses do not need winter shelter because they can survive even extreme cold temperatures. The flowering of the Canadian rose occurs in two waves, the last of which produces much fewer flowers.
English park rose
This variety of park roses can be bushy and climbing, tall and spreading, covered with large heavy flowers. Terry flowers have more than a hundred petals. English roses have a wide range of scents. The branches of these bushes fall in a cascade of branches, with buds covering their entire length.
Unlike Canadian varieties, English roses are a little more difficult to care for. English roses grow well in both sun and shade, but they lack frost resistance, so they need to be covered for the winter. English roses are more susceptible to various diseases and pest attacks.
