Growing cucumber in a greenhouse. Features self-pollinating cucumbers
Cucumbers belong to the family Cucurbitaceae and are in need of a warm, sunny and sheltered spot. They are often grown in greenhouses.
Note!are used varieties, the so-called self-pollinated cucumbers, which were specially developed for growing in a greenhouse. Such cucumbers usually form only female plants and self-pollinating, so they are often grown in the vegetable farms of the closed type.
In hybrid varieties pollination process does not provide for the participation of the bees. This is the reason for the greenhouse cucumbers are choosing self-pollinated varieties. They are characterized by high yields.
Cucumbers do not require special care. Enough to provide them with the necessary humidity, access to large amounts of sunlight and fertile soil. In the market there are varieties that are resistant to disease, are highly resistant to powdery mildew.
Preparation of seeds for sowing
When buying seeds should pay special attention to the manufacturer’s recommendations on the packaging.
Important!Make sure that the pre-treatment and treatment of planting material have been made. If the seeds are not treated, will have to perform this procedure on their own.
There are several ways to prepare for sowing the seeds. All of them are aimed at improving seed germination and plant resistance to adverse environmental conditions, diseases and pests.
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- calibrate seeds: selected large, flat seeds of cucumbers uniform light color
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- Soaking – the most popular method of pre-treating seeds
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- Hardening cucumber seeds increases their resistance to adverse environmental conditions. Hardened seedlings are more resistant to cold soil and resistant to root rot.
For the destruction of all pathogenic bacteria suitable solution of hydrogen peroxide or potassium permanganate. The seeds should be kept in a disinfectant solution for 5-7 minutes, then thoroughly rinsed with pure water.
The boric acid solution (100 ml of pure water 1/3 h. L.) Seeds was immersed for 3 hr. After this procedure, the seeds were washed with running water.
Planting seedlings
In heated greenhouses Cucumbers can be sown from March to April. For sprouting seeds need constant 20 degrees and uniform soil moisture. As soon as the first shoots appear, weaker plants are removed and only the strongest cucumber plants.
The finished sprouts (tempered, these four sheets) are planted in a greenhouse at 25-30 days of age, with a distance of 60 centimeters landing. Since cucumbers prefer nutrient-rich soil, before planting it is enriched with organic fertilizers.
lighting
Thermophilic cucumbers need light to grow. If the hot days the sun is too strong, it is necessary to provide shade in the greenhouse. Shading on the glass roof to protect plants from the scorching sun.
Watering
Cucumbers need a lot of water. It is better to water the root system in the morning, using warm water.
Additional information!To prevent fungal disease, the leaves should remain dry or be able to dry quickly.
A layer of mulch will provide a uniform soil moisture, and it will not dry out too quickly.
humidity
A high humidity level is very important for cucumbers in the greenhouse. Without good air circulation plants begin to ache. It is important from time to time to provide them with the necessary fresh air, to prevent the occurrence of fungal diseases such as downy mildew. Regularly in the morning and in the evening opened the doors and windows greenhouses that cool air can flow back.
Feeding
It is impossible to grow healthy and successful plant without proper fertilization. Systematic feeding allows you to collect the maximum yield of cucumbers and makes plants more resistant to diseases and pests.
Three weeks after transplanting begin feeding:
- In the period of active growth of shoots and leaves of the seedlings should be fed nitrogen fertilizer;
- during flowering and during the formation of stems fertilize soil nutrients, containing a large amount of phosphorus;
- when the fruits begin to form, the basis of need potash and nitrogen fertilizers.
Making a liquid fertilizer each week at the rate of one cucumber plant about one liter of organic liquid fertilizer. Yellow leaves of cucumber in the greenhouse – the lack of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil.
How to tie cucumbers
Cucumbers in the greenhouse and tie as the outdoors. From this manipulation it depends on the normal development of the bush, its light and susceptibility to disease. Tie begin after they reach a length of 30-35 cm.
For this purpose suitable meshes or solid cords, which are directed upwards plants. The fruit will not be lying on the ground, better ventilated and it is easier to collect. Better side shoots are formed, and the plant is easily pollinated.
Recommendations for growing greenhouse cucumbers
The secret of a great harvest depends on many factors.
- Toeplitz, which grow cucumbers, it should be aired, even in rainy weather, but the drafts are not allowed.
- The composition of the soil in which the plants are planted should be neutral, without excess nitrogen.
- The root system of cucumber likes to oxygen, so the soil should be thoroughly loosened.
- For cucumbers it is important to fertilize them. After 20 days after planting seedlings can be fed.
- Mulching helps retain moisture in the soil. For this purpose, perfect grass clippings or sawdust.
- On the surface, the roots should not be exposed. It is recommended to periodically sprinkle them with soil.
It is recommended to water the cucumbers on the third day after the transplant. This period is suitable for greenhouses and open areas. Before the appearance of the first flower watered once in 3 days.
Diseases and pests
The main enemy of cucumbers – powdery mildew. This disease often appears, and from it is hard to shake. Also the main pests in the greenhouse are aphids and whitefly.
Aphids on cucumbers damage flowers, ovaries, shoots and the lower side of the sheet, resulting in wrinkling and twisting them.
Whitefly sucks the leaves of cucumber juice, causes the appearance of the fungus, which is why plants turn black and dry. Weed control in the first place will help to deal with pests.
harvest
Collected fruits are a burden on the whip cucumber, which reduces the amount of new ovaries. Fully ripe fruit if it is 5 cm. Care should be taken so that the ripe fruit does not exceed 12 cm in length. at least harvested twice a week.
Knowing the basic rules of care, can be grown in the greenhouse, a rich harvest of cucumbers, enough for salads and pickles.
